What major political document was created during the year 1787?

The Constitution is the major political document created in 1787, serving as the foundational legal framework for the United States government. Drafted during the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, it established the principles of governance, delineated the powers of different branches of government, and laid out the rights of the states and the citizens. The Constitution was a significant advancement in political thought, moving the nation away from the Articles of Confederation, which had proven to be ineffective in addressing the needs of the burgeoning nation.

In contrast, the Bill of Rights, which comprises the first ten amendments to the Constitution, was ratified later, in 1791, to address concerns about individual liberties. The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War in 1863, declared the freedom of slaves in the Confederate states. The Declaration of Sentiments, crafted in 1848 during the Seneca Falls Convention, focused on women's rights and outlined grievances similar to the Declaration of Independence. Each of these documents plays an important role in American history, but none were created in 1787, making the Constitution the correct choice for this question.